For over two hundred years, first in Germany and then in the United States, Jewish “Game Changers” shaped the Western Industrialized toy, game, pinball, and video game businesses. This paper will introduce this little-known history as a broad survey. It will examine the changes in the industrialized toy and game businesses since the 1800s by looking at a handful of key players out of close to one hundred key companies to inspire future, deeper research in the field.