Conception Force sensor Post-buckled beams Dynamic lumped model Piézoélectricité Ironless Inverse Problem Optimization Play model Analytical modeling Electromechanical impedance Electromechanical actuator Exact global optimization Shooting method Bistable Inverse problem Electric Motors Electrical machine Modeling Piezoelectric energy harvester Bistability Global optimization Magnetic coupling Modèles numériques Morphing Magnetic scalar potential Shape-memory Alloys Design Axial flux machines Magnetic field Optimal control Control Electric motor Minor loops Heat transfer enhancement Hysterons Smart materials Eddy currents Shape memory alloys Topology optimization Simulation Analytical model Relaxation method Electrical machines Lumped model Magnetostatics Dimensionnement Piezoelectric transformer FDTD Optimization algorithms Piezoelectric actuators Actionneurs Finite elements Boundary integral equations Actuators Aerodynamics Optimisation Rosen type transformer Electromagnetism GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Topology Optimization Permanent Magnet Interval analysis Moteur électrique Turbulence Deterministic global optimization Paschen PDE-constrained optimization PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Design optimization methodology SIMP Lorentz force law Energy harvesting Partial discharges Nonlinear modeling Interval arithmetic Torque Motor Modélisation Modèles analytiques Hysteresis Adjoint Method Iron losses Sensitivity Analysis Décharges partielles Piezoelectricity Shear layer Optimal design Branch and Bound Algorithm PIV Accouplement magnétique Finite element method Electromagnetic inverse problem Numerical simulation Branch&Bound Numerical model Electroactive morphing Additive manufacturing HYBRIDIZATION Maxwell equations Magnetic Flux Leakage