European fitness landscape for children and adolescents: updated reference values, fitness maps and country rankings based on nearly 8 million test results from 34 countries gathered by the FitBack network
Francisco B Ortega
(1, 2, 3)
,
Bojan Leskošek
(4)
,
Rok Blagus
(4, 5, 6)
,
José J Gil-Cosano
(1, 7)
,
Jarek Mäestu
(7, 1, 8)
,
Grant R Tomkinson
(9)
,
Jonatan R Ruiz
(1)
,
Evelin Mäestu
(8)
,
Gregor Starc
(4)
,
Ivana Milanovic
(10)
,
Tuija H Tammelin
(11)
,
Maroje Sorić
(4, 12)
,
Claude Scheuer
(13)
,
Attilio Carraro
(14)
,
Mónika Kaj
(15)
,
Tamás Csányi
(16)
,
Luis B Sardinha
(17)
,
Matthieu Lenoir
(18)
,
Arunas Emeljanovas
(19)
,
Brigita Mieziene
(19)
,
Labros S Sidossis
(20)
,
Maret Pihu
(8)
,
Nicola Lovecchio
(21)
,
Kenn Konstabel
(22, 8)
,
Konstantinos D Tambalis
(23, 24)
,
Lovro Štefan
(12, 25, 26)
,
Clemens Drenowatz
(27)
,
Lukáš Rubín
(28, 29)
,
Seryozha Gontarev
(30)
,
José Castro-Piñero
(31)
,
Jérémy Vanhelst
(32)
,
Brendan O’keeffe
(33)
,
Oscar L Veiga
(34)
,
Thordis Gisladottir
(35)
,
Gavin Sandercock
(36)
,
Marjeta Misigoj-Durakovic
(12)
,
Claudia Niessner
(37)
,
Eva-Maria Riso
(8)
,
Stevo Popovic
(38, 39)
,
Saima Kuu
(22)
,
Mai Chinapaw
(40, 41)
,
Iván Clavel
(42, 43)
,
Idoia Labayen
(44)
,
Janusz Dobosz
(45)
,
Dario Colella
(46)
,
Susi Kriemler
(47)
,
Sanja Salaj
(12)
,
Maria Jose Noriega
(48)
,
Klaus Bös
(37)
,
Mairena Sánchez-López
(49)
,
Timo A Lakka
(50, 51)
,
Garden Tabacchi
(52)
,
Dario Novak
(12)
,
Wolfgang Ahrens
(53)
,
Niels Wedderkopp
(54)
,
Gregor Jurak
(4)
1
UGR -
Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
2 JYU - University of Jyväskylä
3 Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]
4 University of Ljubljana
5 FAMNIT - Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies [Koper]
6 FAMNIT - Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies
7 Universidad Loyola Andalucía = Loyola University Andalucía
8 University of Tartu
9 University of South Australia [Adelaide]
10 University of Belgrade [Belgrade]
11 jamk - JAMK University of Applied Sciences [Jyväskylä]
12 University of Zagreb
13 uni.lu - Université du Luxembourg = University of Luxembourg = Universität Luxemburg
14 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
15 Hungarian School Sport Federation
16 Hungarian University of Sports Science
17 ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne
18 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University = Université de Gand
19 LSU - Lietuvos Sporto Universitetas [Lietuva] = Lithuanian sports university [Lithuania] = Université lituanienne des sports [Lituanie]
20 Rutgers University [Camden]
21 UNIROMA - Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
22 Tallinn University
23 Harokopio University of Athens
24 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
25 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
26 RECETOX / MUNI - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment [Brno]
27 JKU - University of Linz - Johannes Kepler Universität Linz
28 Technical University of Liberec
29 Palacky University Olomouc
30 UKIM - Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje
31 UCA - Universidad de Cádiz = University of Cádiz
32 EREN [CRESS - U1153 / UMR_A 1125] - Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team | Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle
33 UL - University of Limerick
34 UAM - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
35 University of Iceland [Reykjavik]
36 University of Essex
37 KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology = Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
38 UCG - University of Montenegro
39 Western Balkan Sport Innovation Lab
40 Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Centers
41 Amsterdam School of Public Health [the Netherlands]
42 Galician Sport Foundation
43 UDC - University of A Coruña
44 UPNA - Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra
45 REHAB - Faculty of rehabilitiation [Jozef Pilsudski Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw]
46 Università del Salento = University of Salento [Lecce]
47 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
48 UC / UniCan - Universidad de Cantabria [Santander] = University of Cantabria [Spain] = Université de Cantabrie [Espagne]
49 UCLM - Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha
50 University of Eastern Finland
51 University of Kuopio
52 Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo
53 Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS
54 SDU - University of Southern Denmark
2 JYU - University of Jyväskylä
3 Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]
4 University of Ljubljana
5 FAMNIT - Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies [Koper]
6 FAMNIT - Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies
7 Universidad Loyola Andalucía = Loyola University Andalucía
8 University of Tartu
9 University of South Australia [Adelaide]
10 University of Belgrade [Belgrade]
11 jamk - JAMK University of Applied Sciences [Jyväskylä]
12 University of Zagreb
13 uni.lu - Université du Luxembourg = University of Luxembourg = Universität Luxemburg
14 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
15 Hungarian School Sport Federation
16 Hungarian University of Sports Science
17 ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne
18 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University = Université de Gand
19 LSU - Lietuvos Sporto Universitetas [Lietuva] = Lithuanian sports university [Lithuania] = Université lituanienne des sports [Lituanie]
20 Rutgers University [Camden]
21 UNIROMA - Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
22 Tallinn University
23 Harokopio University of Athens
24 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
25 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
26 RECETOX / MUNI - Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment [Brno]
27 JKU - University of Linz - Johannes Kepler Universität Linz
28 Technical University of Liberec
29 Palacky University Olomouc
30 UKIM - Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje
31 UCA - Universidad de Cádiz = University of Cádiz
32 EREN [CRESS - U1153 / UMR_A 1125] - Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team | Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle
33 UL - University of Limerick
34 UAM - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
35 University of Iceland [Reykjavik]
36 University of Essex
37 KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology = Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
38 UCG - University of Montenegro
39 Western Balkan Sport Innovation Lab
40 Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Centers
41 Amsterdam School of Public Health [the Netherlands]
42 Galician Sport Foundation
43 UDC - University of A Coruña
44 UPNA - Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra
45 REHAB - Faculty of rehabilitiation [Jozef Pilsudski Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw]
46 Università del Salento = University of Salento [Lecce]
47 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
48 UC / UniCan - Universidad de Cantabria [Santander] = University of Cantabria [Spain] = Université de Cantabrie [Espagne]
49 UCLM - Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha
50 University of Eastern Finland
51 University of Kuopio
52 Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo
53 Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS
54 SDU - University of Southern Denmark
Francisco B Ortega
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 768508
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2001-1121
José J Gil-Cosano
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1186656
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0723-876X
Jarek Mäestu
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269321
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6931-3932
Grant R Tomkinson
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269322
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7601-9670
Jonatan R Ruiz
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269323
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7548-7138
Gregor Starc
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269324
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9822-0308
Tuija H Tammelin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269325
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1771-3977
Maroje Sorić
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269326
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6835-1438
Claude Scheuer
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269327
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5376-3197
Attilio Carraro
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269328
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5103-6236
Tamás Csányi
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269329
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2037-9217
Luis B Sardinha
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269330
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6230-6027
Matthieu Lenoir
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269331
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3906-1137
Nicola Lovecchio
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269332
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4115-0833
Kenn Konstabel
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 806085
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9673-8469
Lovro Štefan
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269333
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7705-7801
Lukáš Rubín
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269334
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4920-1113
José Castro-Piñero
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269335
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7353-0382
Jérémy Vanhelst
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1274234
- IdHAL : jeremy-vanhelst
Brendan O’keeffe
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269336
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4590-3460
Gavin Sandercock
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269337
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5443-6518
Idoia Labayen
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1186659
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4334-3287
Janusz Dobosz
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269338
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2425-4932
Susi Kriemler
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269339
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3384-7940
Mairena Sánchez-López
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269340
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0217-0623
Timo A Lakka
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1232599
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9199-2871
Niels Wedderkopp
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269341
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9660-6618
Gregor Jurak
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1269342
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4269-0970
Résumé
Objectives: (1) To develop reference values for health-related fitness in European children and adolescents aged 6–18 years that are the foundation for the web-based, open-access and multilanguage fitness platform (FitBack); (2) to provide comparisons across European countries.
Methods: This study builds on a previous large fitness reference study in European youth by (1) widening the age demographic, (2) identifying the most recent and representative country-level data and (3) including national data from existing fitness surveillance and monitoring systems. We used the Assessing Levels of PHysical Activity and fitness at population level (ALPHA) test battery as it comprises tests with the highest test–retest reliability, criterion/construct validity and health-related predictive validity: the 20 m shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness); handgrip strength and standing long jump (muscular strength); and body height, body mass, body mass index and waist circumference (anthropometry). Percentile values were obtained using the generalised additive models for location, scale and shape method.
Results: A total of 7 966 693 test results from 34 countries (106 datasets) were used to develop sex-specific and age-specific percentile values. In addition, country-level rankings based on mean percentiles are provided for each fitness test, as well as an overall fitness ranking. Finally, an interactive fitness platform, including individual and group reporting and European fitness maps, is provided and freely available online ( www.fitbackeurope.eu ).
Conclusion: This study discusses the major implications of fitness assessment in youth from health, educational and sport perspectives, and how the FitBack reference values and interactive web-based platform contribute to it. Fitness testing can be conducted in school and/or sport settings, and the interpreted results be integrated in the healthcare systems across Europe.
| Origine | Publication financée par une institution |
|---|---|
| Licence |
